# outputs the current date in day month hour:minute:second AM/PM timezone year format
$ date

# prints out text
$ echo

# to see which directory i am in now, pwd short for 'print working directory'
$ pwd

# Change Directory
$ cd 

# returns to your home directory
$ cd ~

# takes to the previous directory
$ cd -

###################

# list
$ ls

# list specific directory
$ ls /parent_directory/directory

# list hidden files that starts with .
$ ls -a

# list with detailed long formats
$ ls -l

###################

# create new file, there are more tricks with 'touch' but will show in different post
# 'touch' can replace file by changing timestap
$ touch

# identify what content is in the file
$ file filename

# reads what is in the file, short for concatenate
# can read multiple files
$ cat dogfile birdfile

# viewing large files with several pages, has inner commands
# q to exit, h for help, use arrows to navigate, g to go top of page, G to end of page
$ less filename

###################

# look in history of entered commands
# to search the entered command, ctrl + R
$ history

# to run previous command again
$ !!

# clears up the prompt
$ clear

###################

# copy a file and send it to specific directory
$ cp copiedfile /parent_directory/directory/directory

# copy multiple files and directories using wildcard *
$ cp *.jpg /parent_directory/directory

# copy files and directories within directory recursively (need to practice on this one)
$ cp -r directory/ /parent_directory/directory

# prevents from overwriting filename when copy, i short for interactive
$ cp -i filename /parent_directory/directory

###################

# rename file
$ mv oldfile newfile

# move file to different directory
$ mv filename /parent_directory/directory

# move more than one file to different directory
$ mv filename1 filename2 /parent_directory/directory

# rename directory
$ mv olddirectory newdirectory

# prompt before overwrite file or directory, use i, short for interactive
$ mv -i directory1 directory2

# backup the file by rename the old version (need to practice on this one)
$ mv -b directory 1 directory2

###################

# create new directory or multiple new directories
$ mkdir directory1 directory2

# create new parental directory and subdirectories sametime with -p
$ mkdir -p /parent_directory/directory/subdirectory

###################

# remove a file, warning, its permanent
$ rm filename

# remove forcely
$ rm -f filename

# prompt before delete for good, i for interactive
$ rm -i filename

# to remove entire directory, use -r, short for recursive
$ rm -r directory

# can remove the directory another way
$ rmdir directory

###################

# find specific file in directory
$ find /directory -name filename

# find the type of file or directory, d short for directory
$ find /directory -type d -name foldername

###################

# finding manual page on linux syntax
$ man ls

# brief description on command
$ whatis cat

# create shortcut for commands, but won't save after reboot
# to create permanent alias, save in ~./bashrc
$ alias foobar = 'ls -la'

# remove alias
$ unalias foobar

# closes the shell window
$ exit